Syllabus
Introduction to Medical Microbiology.
Description of basic features of bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, and parasites. Natural colonization of the human body by microbes.
Basic bacteriology: Features of bacteria - morphology, metabolism, cultivation, bacterial genetics, importance of specific bacterial factors in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections. Sampling techniques and transportation of materials for bacterial examination; basic techniques for detection of bacteriae.
Virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens (fimbriae, capsules, cell wall, intracellular parasitism, chemotaxis); toxins and toxinoses.
Special bacteriology: Gram-positive cocci, gram-negative cocci, gram-positive rods, anaerobic bacteria, gram-negative rods (mycobacteria, spirochaetes, mycoplasmas).
Basic virology: viruses, taxonomy, replication of viruses, virus-cell interaction; pathogenesis of viral infections; DNA viruses. RNA viruses; diagnosis of viral diseases.
Sampling techniques and transportation of material for virological examination;basic detection techniques.
Principles of mycology. The most important pathogenic fungi. Properties and classification of fungi and yeasts. Pathogenesis of fungal infections and basic diagnostical techniques.
Principles of parasitology. The most important parasitic pathogens and their transmission. Patogenesis of infections and basic diagnostical techniques.
Anti - infectious imunology: Innate imunity - immune cell function and their antigens, antibodies, lymphokines and cytokines. Specific imunity - humoral imunity, immunoglobulins, cell-mediated immunity. Mechanisms for their use in anti-infective defense. The adverse effects of immunological defense. Passive and active immunization.
Treatment: Therapeutical basis; antibiotics, mechanisms of action, susceptibility testing of bacteria, rational antibiotic therapy.
Epidemiology: Community, nosocomial and opportunistic infections, transmission of infective diseases, prevention and prophylaxis. Disinfection and sterilization; environment and sterility control.
Annotation
Description of basic features of bacteria, viruses, pathogenic fungi, and parasites. Principles of antiinfectious immunity mechanisms and immunisation.
The most important human infectious agens and pathogenesis of selected diseases. Community, nosocomial and opportunist infections.
Sampling techniques for microbial examination and basic detection techniques. Therapeutical basis, antibiotics.
Disinfection and sterilisation. Epidemiology of infection diseases.