Syllabus
1. a chronology of kinetic theory, basics quantities and concepts in molecular physics (atoms, isotopes, molecules, gasses, gas pressure)
2. basic concepts of probability theory
3. heat capacity of gases (failure of classical physics)
4. barometrical formula (exponential atmosphere), Boltzmann law, evaporation of liquids, Maxwell speed distribution
5. the most probable speed, the mean speed, root mean square speed, distribution for the velocity vector
6. Brownian motion, random walk, the Einstein-Smoluchowski equation
7. transport phenomena (heat, momentum and mass transport)
8. applications of the kinetic theory
9. intermolecular forces, intermolecular bonds
10. liquids (structure of liquids, liquid crystals, transport phenomena)
11. surface tension, surface energy, capillarity
12. solutions (liquid solutions, colloids, suspensions, emulsions), osmotic pressure
13. solid solutions
Annotation
The aim of the lecture is to explain macroscopic properties of matter (mostly gases), such as pressure, temperature, viscosity, thermal conductivity and others by considering their molecular composition. Emphasis is placed on a statistical approach to the problem.
The main attention is devoted to the basis of classical kinetic theory of gases. The lecture deals not only with gases in thermodynamic equilibrium, but also with gases not in thermodynamic equilibrium.
This means considering what are known as transport properties, such as viscosity and thermal conductivity.