Syllabus
Rozvoj algebry jako nauky o řešení rovnic.Tartaglia, Cardano a objev řešení kubických rovnic.Casus irreducibilis a komplexní čísla.Neřešitelnost obecné algebraické rovnice stupně vyššího než čtvrtého.Resolventa a snižování stupně rovnice.Důkaz neřešitelnosti (Ruffini, Galois, Abel) změna předmětu algebry v 19. stol.
Annotation
The aim of the course is to provide students of mathematics education with basic ideas of the history of algebra. The course provides basic information about the most important figures and main stages in the historical development of algebra.
The lecture will cover the following topics:
Development of pre-symbolic algebra as an art of solving equations.
Tartaglia, Cardano and the discovery of solution of cubic equations.
Casus irreducibilis and the emergence of complex numbers.
The unsolvability of a general algebraic equation of degree higher than the fourth.
The resolvent of an equation and reduction of the degree of the equation.
Proof of unsolvability of the quintic (Ruffini, Galois, Abel) and the change in the subject of algebra in the 19th century.
