Annotation
The aim of the lecture is to introduce the students to the wider context of history of philosophy as the history of spirit. The various topics of the lecture are thus selected with regard to this aim. One of the possible topics is the lecture about the influence of the modern Western philosophy (Enlightenment) on the modern Islamic religious and social thought. The lecture aims to present the not very successful project of “Islamic modernity” (an-nahḍa), which attempted, on one hand, to adopt the Western patterns of thinking and, on the other hand, to return to the original life-patterns of the “venerable ancestors” (al-salaf al-ṣāliḥ). The fundamental question of the lecture is the possibility of the application of the notions and structures of the philosophy of history in the non-European, although religiously close context. During the lecture, the students should also adopt the elementary knowledge of the Arabic script, fundaments of the work with the translations from Arabic and with the Arabic dictionary. Structure of the subject:
1) Western Oriental studies (Edward Said)
2) Political traditions of Islam (Umma, al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah)
3) Legal traditions of Islam (Sharia)
4) Al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Khaldun
5) Muhammad ibn Abd Al-Wahhab (1703-1792)
6) Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī (1838-1897)
7) Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905)
8) Rashíd Rida (1865-1935)
9) Ideology of Muslim Brotherhood
10) Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966)