Introduction, mechanism of cell injury

General mechanisms leading to cell damage or death
Major biochemical mechanisms of cellular damage
Course of biochemical and morphological changes in acute ischemic/hypoxic damage
Chemical injury

Oxidation stress, radical diseases

Biochemistry of inflammation

Phases of inflammatory response, local signs of inflammation, course of acute inflammatory response
MMediators of inflammation - biogenic amines, kinins, lipid mediators, complement, cytokines, exogenous mediators
Phagocytosis - mechanisms of intracellular killing
Systemic effects of inflammation - acute phase reaction, acute phase reactants, fever, leukocytosis, hormonal changes, cachexia, pain
Pharmacotherapeutic interventions in the metabolism of inflammatory mediators

Biochemistry of tumors

Tumor diseases - introduction, classification
Tumorigenic transformation, metastasis, angiogenesis
Apoptosis
Factors inducing tumorigenic transformation - physical, chemical and biological factors in carcinogenesis
Viral tumors. Viral and cellular oncogenes, growth factors, telomeres and telomerases
Laboratory diagnostics of tumors

Hereditary metabolic disorders

Characteristics, pathogenesis and consequences, inheritance
Clinical manifestations, treatment
Diagnosis of hereditary metabolic disorders - non-selective and selective screening

Physiological and pathological biochemistry of lipids

Physiological and pathological biochemistry of carbohydrates

Digestion and absorptionof saccharides, disorders
Disorders of main metabolic pathways of carbohydrates - disorders of fructose and galactose metabolism, glycogenoses
Complex carbohydrates - disorders of glycosylation, mucopolysaccharidoses
Regulation of blood glucose and its disorders
Diabetes mellitus as a complex metabolic disorder - biochemistry of acute diabetes, molecular basis of late consequences of diabetes
Metabolic syndrome

Physiological and pathological biochemistry of proteins and amino acids

Proteins, peptides, non-protein nitrogen-containing compounds
Digestion of proteins in GIT, absorption of amino acids from GIT, disorders. Intracellular protein degradation, disorders.
Formation and metabolism of ammonia - biochemical basis of disorders of ornithine cycle, hepatogenic encephalopathy
Inborn errors of amino acids metabolism - phenylketonuria, leucinosis, errors of sulfur-containing amino acids

Pathological biochemistry of nervous system

Protein misfolding, consequences
Neurodegenerative diseases - Alzheimer's dementia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion disorders

Nucleic acids, metabolism of purines and pyrimidines

Physiological and pathological biochemistry of porphyrines

Pathological biochemistry of hormones

General aspects of hormonal signalization
Endocrine disorders - hypofunction, hyperfunction
Disorders of adrenal steroid hormones synthesisand secretion, disorders of thyroid hormones secretion