Introduction to the subject

Physico-chemical properties of substances, photochemistry

Thermodynamics

1^st law of thermodynamics, internal energy and enthalpy, standard state, thermochemistry, reaction heats, thermochemical laws, standard heats of formation and combustion, dependence of the reaction heat on temperature
2^nd law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, entropy, Helmholtz and Gibbs energies, chemical potential, conception of absolute entropy
3^rd law of thermodynamics.

Chemical equilibrium

Equilibrium constant, equilibrium degree of conversion and its control by reaction conditions, LeChatelier principle
standard change of Gibbs energy during a reaction, temperature dependence of equilibrium constant.

Phase equilibrium

Reaction kinetics

reaction rate, molecularity, mechanisms and order of a reaction,
simplex reactions, reactions of 0^th, 1^st, 2^nd and n-th order of reaction, rate constant, reaction half-life, determination of an order of reaction
effect of temperature and other factors on reaction rate
kinetics of simultaneous reactions
heterogeneous reaction, catalysis

Electrochemistry

equilibria electrolyte solutions, characteristics of electrolytes, degree of dissociation
Arrhenius classical theory
activity, activity coefficient, ionic strength, Debye-Hückel equations for activity coefficients
dissociation of water, pH in aqueous and non-aqueous media, theories of acids and bases
dissociation of weak acids and bases, calculation of their pH, Ostwald´s law
buffers, mechanism of their action, Henderson-Hasselbalch equations, buffer capacity
hydrolysis of salts, hydrolytic constant and calculation of pH of salt solutions
amphoteric electrolytes, isoelectric point
acid-base indicators
solubility of precipitates, solubility product
transport processes electrolyte solutions, conductivity of electrolytes, Kohlrausch law, Arrhenius relation,
electrode potential metal/metal-ion system, oxidation-reduction potential, types of electrodes,
galvanic cells, measurement of EMV, junction potential, physiologic potential
electrolysis, Faraday´s laws, polarization, principle of classical polarography and related voltametric methods.

Colloidal systems

Classification of dispersed systems
lyophilic, lyophobic and associating colloids
optical, kinetic and electrical properties of colloids
suspensions, liquid surfaces, surface and interface tension, sedimentation
emulsions, types of emulsions, surface and interfacial tension,
adsorption at liquid interfaces, surface-active substances, hydrophile-lipophile balance,
electric double layer, Nernst and zeta potential, influence of electrolytes.

Seminars, solution of model problems

Concentration of solutions
pH of strong and weak acids and bases, pH of buffers, pH dependence of dissociation of substances
electrode potential, oxidation-reduction potential
osmotic pressure
reaction rate, half-life of reaction, Arrhenius equation
Clausius-Clapeyron equation, equilibrium constant, van’t Hoff´s reaction isobar, van’t Hoff´s reaction isotherm
thermodynamic feasibility of a reaction
distribution coefficient
basic thermodynamic quantities