In the past decade the management strategies of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia have been completely changes, imatinib became the standard front-line therapy in patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase CML. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in CML patients is increasingly deferred despite its curative potential.
Second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors dasatinib and nilotinib together with the improved molecular monitoring or residual leukemia and the identification of BCR-ABL1 mutations with wide spectrum of sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors make possible the tailoring of CML treatment. Current recommendations for the management of CML are reviewed.