In this paper we critically analyze theories of educational change in post- socialist transformation (theories of M. Fullan and C.
Birzea) and we propose our own theoretical framework based on the reconciliation of the two theories. In this way we want to answer the key question – whether the post-socialist transformation came to its end.
We argue against the idea of second transition in Central and Eastern European Countries proposed by some authors. Last but not least, we take as a case study the example of 20 years reform of educational change in the Czech Republic, which shows large declines in students’ knowledge and skills, and thus turns out as unsuccessful story of reform.