Abstract
In connection with the original thesis of theological frailty and backwardness of the 20-th century Catholic Church in terms of modernization, the two opposite Enlightement originated main concepts of religion have been typologized: "compensational" ("religion as an opium of humankind") and "integrational" ("religion as the power of social cohesion"). For Masaryk, the religion was socialy integrative power with ability to solve both the crisis of modern man and the crisis of modern world wirh their most significant manifestations: suicide, alkoholism and prostitution.
The term "crisis" represents the permanent centre of Masaryk's philosophical thoughts. Sociology is meanwhile understood as a diagnostical science.
But, to fulfil its socialy integrative functions, religion has to restore its "living" faight and approach nearer to the modern society.