Abstract
The work focuses first of all on research of processes of the codification of the Slavic languages and national and language emancipation in the 19th century. It closely examines the influence of the non-Slavic cultural and educational centers on the intellectual and spiritual development of the Slavs.
It describes the selection of the dialectical basis for the language norm as well and the disputes about the orthography norm by the particular nation. The work positively evaluates the mutual cooperation of the Slavic scholars, common cultural political program and the creation and spread of cultural and educational associations for the consolidation of the national identity.
The main emancipation role in the 19th century plays the tradition of the Cyril and Methodius. It proves, that not only actual situation of the nation, but the living connection to the tradition is the bearer of the national pride, unity and state-making ideas.
The work comes with the result that in spite of unfavourable historical conditions the Slavic nations reached in the 19th century the complete language emancipation due to the spread of education, the ideas of the French revolution, German romantic ideas about the signification of the Slavs for the European culture and the mutual Slavic cooperation. By their emancipation they were able to achieve the codification of national languages and to create their own national literature, which cultivated each particular nation.
Gradually these national Slavic literatures joined the quality level of the west European national literatures.