Abstract
Recent experimental and clinical studies support the fact that bioecological intestina control with early enteral nutrition enriched with synbiotics may reduce systemic inflammation, improve the immunological status of the intestinal mucosa and help prevent infections in critically ill patients. Three prebiotics, oligofructose, galactooligosaccharides and lactulose are able to modify the balance of intestina microbiota.
It appears that treatment with synbiotics during critical illness should restore the balance of microbial communities in a beneficial way with positive effects on intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation. Only data from small trials are currently available to support use of prebiotics and synbiotics in the treatment of different clinical scenarios.
There is a growing evidence for the effectiveness of probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease, chronic constipation, and diverticular disease (depending on the strain used), laktose intolerance, food allergy and related metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus.