Abstrakt
Even though enzyme assays are transformed to biosensors, nanoparticles, and micro-assays, determination of enzyme activity remains important part of biochemical research, disease diagnostic, and many other various analyses in the fields of life sciences. For example enzyme are used in immunochemical methods (such as ELISA, EIA), in extraction procedures of pharmaceutically interesting compounds and food and for determination of pesticides.
Enzyme activity assays are based on kinetic measurements due to changes in the properties of the reactants or on further treatment of the reaction mixture ("end points methods"). Most enzyme activity assays are based on chromogenic, fluorogenic, and luminescent enzyme substrates.
Interesting is detection of enzyme activity on gels after native electrophoresis, which enables visualization of individual isoenzymes after their separation, because activity and aggregation state is not affected.