Analysis of a unique manuscript and rich iluminated portuguese maritime atlas of the beginning of the 17th century which was part of the Nostitz Library in Prague till the period of 1990s, when it was stolen. On base of the analysis of its form and contents and on its comparision with other cartographical works of that time, it was possible to confirm its approximate origin (cca 1631-1633) and also the probably authorship by Joao Teixeira Albernaz I., the most famouse portuguese cartograph in the first half of the 17th century.