Discrete element investigation of the asymptotic behaviour of granular materials

Abstract

The concept of the asymptotic behaviour of particulate materials is described, including its enhancement considering asymptotic states in extension. A 3D discrete element model with permanent elastic spherical particles is set up.

The numerical sample is stretched from different initial states, and the influence of the strain rate direction on the final state is studied. Asymptotic behaviour is clearly observed.

Existence of extension asymptotic states is demonstrated, and the notion of normal extension line is introduced.

Keywords

• asymptotic behaviour
• critical state
• discrete element method
• particle crushing
• sand