Abstract
This chapter focuses on mutual history and current specifics of Czech and Slovak libraries and librarianship. It summarizes its historical background, current legislative framework as well as the rich library infrastructure that has developed in each country - its organization, administration, financing and development programs and strategies.
Besides that it also describes the library profession, professional organizations and higher education institutions in the field of library and information studies that educate library professionals for various types of library and information institutions in these countries.