Abstract
The article continues the educational series in the Stěžeň journal. It describes evolution of the dialyzer as the principal part of "artificial kidney" from the coil type via plates up to currently exclusively used capillary types.
Explained are also the main parameters used to assess dialyzer efficiency in waste metabolite and excess water excretion – clearance and ultrafiltration coefficient. Principal sterilization method used in dialyzer manufacture are discussed, too.