Abstract
Dioptrice by Johannes Kepler is perhaps actually the first scientific monography dealing with optics of lenses and prisms. This monography contains not only optics of first lenses, prisms, and combinations thereof, but also philosophical views of Kepler, Galilei and others.
It refects the opening of the sky for the telescope and is therefore of permanent interest not only for the history of optical science and craft, but also for astronomy and philosophy. This Czech translation with commentaries is published to the 400th anniversery of the first latin version together with the facsimile of the first latin edition.