Aspergillus fumigatus is the most important agent of human diseases. Azole derivatives for many years include to commonly used antifungal agents in the treatment of various forms of aspergillosis.
The percentage of isolates resistant to azoles in recent years is increasing. Resistance mechanisms are mutations of CYP51 gene, as a result of selection pressure during long-term therapy by azoles.
Azoles are also used in large quantities as a fungicide in agriculture.