The value of primary antifungal prophylaxis in non-transplanted patiens with hematologic malignancies (Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, aplastic anemia) has been studied and is still open to discussion. Frequency of superficial candida infection and invasive fungal infection (IFI) increases with prolonged and severe neutropenia ( > 7 days and ANC 7 days and ANC < 500/mm3) and the other risk factors is necessary consider to use prophylaxis of IFI.