Abstract
The chapter deals the diagnostics of physical fitness and physical performance capacity, describes the possibilities of the determination of aerobic and anaerobic capacities in humans using laboratory exercise tests, describes the parameters of exercise tests and presents the importance of physiological testing in athletes during their athletic preparation. The chapter describes the methods of the estimation of energy expenditure of physical activities, including direct and indirect energometry, assessment of energy expenditure using functional parameters and also possibility of using table and/or questionnaire methods.
The chapter discuss the usefulness of monitoring of biochemical markers in the training proces, namely indices of energy substrate metabolism, hematological parameters, serum enzymes, parameters of acid-base balance and parametres of the evaliation of anabolic - catabolic ratio in an athlete during training.