Analytical Applications of Solid and Paste Amalgam Electrodes

Abstract

The review describes working and reference electrodes based on solid and/or paste amalgams and their application for voltammetric, amperometric and potentiometric determination of both inorganic and organic analytes. Attention is paid to their preparation, pretreatment and possible modification, and their application in classical voltammetric arrangements, in flowing systems (HPLC-ED, FIA-ED), and in adsorptive transfer stripping voltammetry.

The review confirms that amalgam electrodes can successfully substitute mercury electrodes and in some special cases offers possibilities not available to mercury electrodes.

Keywords

• voltammetry
• solid amalgam electrode
• paste amalgam electrode
• reference amalgam electrode
• amperometric amalgam detector
• potentiometry