Role of the PPAR alpha Leu162Val and PPAR gamma 2 Pro12Ala Gene Polymorphisms in Weight Change after 2.5-Year Follow-up in Czech Obese Women
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effect of PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma 2 variants on weight and eating attitudes as well as on their changes after 2.5-year follow-up. The study was carried out in 246 Czech non-diabetic obese women (age 49.0 +/- 11.9 years; BMI 38.1 +/- 7.0 kg/m(2)).
The comprehensive weight management programme included low-energy diet, increased physical activity and lifestyle modification. Anthropometric parameters (body weight and height, waist and hip circumferences) and body composition were measured.
The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory were evaluated. At baseline and after the follow-up period, fasting levels of serum glucose, plasma adiponectin, ghrelin, leptin, and lipid profile were determined.
The dependence of monitored parameters on the Pro12Ala in PPAR gamma 2 and Leu162Val in PPARa and stage of the treatment (baseline; 2.5-year follow-up) was evaluated using the repeated measures ANOVA model. The cohort was re-examined after 2.5 years, independent of regular checkups and adherence to lifestyle recommendation.
Significant favourable changes in anthropometric indexes, lipid profile, leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin levels as well as in dietary restraint and hunger scores were revealed at 2.5-year check-up. However, no changes in the scores of disinhibition and depression were demonstrated.
Despite several observed significant differences between carriers and non-carriers of the minor alleles at baseline and at the follow-up, the repeated measures ANOVA did not reveal any significant effect of the PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma 2 polymorphisms on anthropometric, biochemical, hormonal and psycho-behavioural characteristics, neither at baseline nor at the 2.5-year follow-up.