Abstract
In spite of introducing antibacterial agents in prophylaxis of infective endocarditis (I.E.) more than 50 years ago, the optimal scheme for indication and application of the prophylaxis has not been solved. Evidences accumulate that prophylaxis (being developed to cover some medical procedures leading to bacteremia) can prevent only a small part (< 10%) of cases of I.E.
The most effective protection from I.E. is the systematic care for gums and mucosae of the mouth cavity.