Renal impairment may develop as a consequence of diabetic nephropathy in dia-betic patients (specific, microvascular complication of diabetes), or as a consequence of another pathological conditions, therefore the term "diabetic kidney disease" has been used recently. The identification of individuals with present incipient diabetic nephropathy is important for the start of an intensive treatment, which should pre-vent the progression of the renal impairment accompanied by potential development of terminal renal insufficiency.
The actual prevalence of positive microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus in the Czech Republic remains unknown. IDN Micro project will provide real data about its prevalence in the Czech Republic for the first time.