Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignant disease in the Czech Republic. Most CRCs are sporadic and only 14-19% are associated with a genetic predisposition.
Due to the relatively long carcinogenesis, premalignant lesions can be detected by screening and removed in time and CRC can thus be prevented. Colorectal cancer screening in the Czech Republic is undergoing continuous development.
The basic tools currently used are either an immu-nochemical faecal occult blood test and a colonoscopy in the case of test positivity, or a primary screening colonoscopy. Since January 2014, citizens under the age of 70 have been actively invited to participate in the program.
Patients with a higher risk of colorectal neoplasia are monitored within the dispensary programs.