Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro - the excluded pope

Abstract

The object of the study is an analysis of the person of the cardinal-secretary of state Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro and his exclusion from the papal election in the conclave in the year 1903.

Keywords

• conclave
• papacy
• papal election
• Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro
• Pius X
• Leo XIII
• church history
• right of exclusion