Concomitant Seminal Vesicle Invasion in pT4a Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder with Contiguous Prostatic Infiltration is an Adverse Prognosticator for Cancer-Specific Survival after Radical Cystectomy
Abstract
To evaluate the prognostic value of concomitant seminal vesicle invasion (cSVI) in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and contiguous prostatic stromal infiltration in a large cystectomy series. A total of 385 patients with UCB and contiguous prostatic infiltration comprised our study.
Patients were divided in two groups according to cSVI. Median follow-up was 36 months (interquartile range 11-74); the primary end point was cancer-specific mortality.
The prognostic impact of cSVI was evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis. The predictive accuracy was assessed by a receiver operating characteristic analysis.
A total of 229 patients (59.5 %) without cSVI comprised group A, and 156 patients (40.5 %) with cSVI comprised group B. Positive lymph nodes (63 vs. 44 %, p < 0.001) and positive surgical margins (34 % vs. 14 %, p < 0.001) were more common in patients with cSVI.
The 5- and 10-year cancer-specific survival rates were 41 % and 32 % (group A) and 21 and 17 % (group B) (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, pathological nodal stage (hazard ratio [HR] 2.19, p < 0.001), soft tissue surgical margin (HR 1.57, p = 0.010), clinical tumor stage (HR 1.46, p = 0.010), adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 0.40, p < 0.001), and cSVI (HR 1.69, p < 0.001) independently impacted cancer-specific mortality.
The c-indices of the multivariable models with and without inclusion of cSVI were 0.658 (95 % confidence interval 0.60-0.71) and 0.635 (95 % confidence interval 0.58-0.69), respectively, resulting in a predictive accuracy gain of 2.3 % (p = 0.002). In patients with UCB and prostatic stromal invasion, cSVI adversely affected cancer-specific survival compared to patients without cSVI.
The inclusion of cSVI significantly improved the predictive accuracy of our multivariable model regarding survival.