Abstract
Hyponatremia is a frequent potentialy dangerous condition. It is caused by a number of different conditions and diseases, such as cardiac, liver, or renal failure, endocrinological impairments, brain injury, etc.
Not rarely it is the consequence of medication. It causes signs and symptoms from acute brain edema to higher incidence of fractures.
The diagnosis should be established rapidly and treatment initiated immediately. Both are now subject to new European guidelines.
It is neccesary to carefully monitor the rate of correction to prevent the osmotic demyelinisation.