The effect of maturity on heart rate responses during training and testing in postpubescent female volleyball players
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maturity, assessed as difference between chronological age and age at peak height velocity, on heart rate (HR) responses to maximal and submaximal laboratory and field exercises. Twenty-eight postpubescent female volleyball players participated in the present study (age 13.8 (0.6) yr, body mass 62.5 (8.2) kg and height 1.73 (0.05) m; mean (standard deviation)).
They were divided into two groups with regards to their maturation: less matured (LM) and more matured (MM). In laboratory, HR was recorded during 5 min rest, physical working capacity in heart rate 170 bpm, 3 min step test, 30 s Bosco test and Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) were performed.
In field, a 70 min training session (consisted by three parts: warm-up, 1x1 drills and team drills) was monitored and 20 m shuttle run endurance test was performed. There was significant difference between LM and MM groups over HR responses (%HR reserve, %HRR) to exercise training (F(2,21)=6.08, p=0.008, η2=0.37).
There was a main effect of part session of exercise program on HR responses with the highest intensity recorded in 1x1 drills (~75%HRR) and the lowest in team drills (~60%HRR in LM and ~65%HRR in MM). There was also a moderate effect of maturity on HR during cycling against 90 W and in the WAnT, and small effect on HR during cycling against 60 W, in the end of the step test, Bosco test and running endurance test, where the highest scores were recorded in LM.
Based on the findings of the present study, it was concluded that maturity exerted an effect of small to moderate magnitude on HR responses in a laboratory setting and this should be taken into account by coaches and trainers when evaluating physiological characteristics.