This book summarizes the findings and debates of a conference "Rule of Law and Mechanisms of its Protection - Czech Perspective" held at the Faculty of Law - Charles University in Prague in November 2014, organised in cooperation with the Office of the Prime Minister. In choosing as our subject the rule of law as a concept our primary objective was to respond to the significant concern that recent events in number of Member States have provoked among political leaders and scholars, to challenge a Czech view of this principle and to hold a straightforward discussion on the eventual reinforcement of the rule of law oversight in the European Union.