HOMOGENISATION AND MODIFICATION OF COMPOSITE STEEL-CONCRETE LINING, WITH THE MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF SPRAYED CONCRETE GROWING WITH TIME
Abstract
A sprayed concrete (shotcrete, SC) is most frequently a combination of shotcrete and steel frames. The influence of the frames on the stiffness of a lining is usually disregarded because the frames can be mostly considered as steel reinforcement of a reinforced concrete structure.However, this idea ceases to apply if massive steel supports of the HEB or HEBREX type are parts of the lining.
In such the cases it is appropriate to include the overall stiffness of the steel elements into the overall stiffness of the lining and respect the fact that the proportion of steel elements to the stiffness of the lining changes with the growing stiffness of shotcrete. This paper is dedicated to deriving relationships allowing for the inclusion of steel elements into the time-dependent overall stiffness of the lining.