The publication is the 15th volume of the series current diabetology and focuses on the issue of higher risk of developing coronary heart disease, stroke and death from vascular disease in patients with diabetes compared with patients without diabetes, also discusses another type of heart disease in diabetic patients, and a functional muscle disease called diabetic cardiomyopathy. The author discusses not only the causes and risks of diabetes, but also focuses on individual antidiabetic drugs that exhibit in addition to its effect on glucose-lowering also a favorable influence on cardiovascular risks.