No Change in Serum Incretins Levels but Rise of Leptin Levels After Smoking Cessation: a Pilot Study
Abstract
The mechanisms behind the changes of body weight after smoking cessation are only partially understood. To this end, we explored the possible effects of smoking cessation on incretin hormones, leptin and selected anthropometric, biochemical and other hormonal parameters.
Twenty-two non-obese male adult smokers attending an ambulatory smoking cessation program in Prague, Czech Republic, were examined at the baseline. Thirteen patients (mean age 37.92 +/- 2.66 years, mean body mass index 25.56 +/- 0.69 kg/m(2)) successfully quit smoking and were examined three months after smoking cessation; relapsed smokers were not followed up.
The patients underwent 2-h liquid meal test with Fresubin and repeated blood sampling for measurements of blood glucose, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), amylin, insulin, leptin, peptide-YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). Three months after smoking cessation, body weight increased (4.35 +/- 3.32 kg, p<0.001).
Leptin levels increased significantly in all repeated samples, while levels of GIP, GLP-1, amylin, insulin, PYY and PP remained unchanged. In conclusions, smoking cessation increased leptin levels probably owing to weight gain while it did not influence incretin levels.