The chapter provides an overview of individual elements of the phonetic system of the Czech language which should be focused on in teaching Czech as a foreign language on levels A1 and A2 according to CEFR. It also recommends methods for evaluating the phonetic aspects of the speech of non-native speakers of Czech, which enables an objective and complex assessment of speech from the point of view of deviation in pronunciation, which prevents comprehension, but also from the point of view of general impression, by means of which the speech affects the evaluator.