Realism in central European literatures differs in its approach to social questions. The lecture compares the way these questions are handled by the Austrian realist Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach and the Czech writer Karolina Svetla on an example of important female characters - Frantina in the novel of the same name by Karolina Svetla and Eva Maslan in the novella Maslan's Wife by Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach.