At the beginning of 1960s' crisis of economical system erupted in Czechoslovakia. Government withdrew from third five-year plan.
As a main cause of failure was identified decentralization of economic sphere, that was result of first attempt to economic reform. As consequence government returned to central controlled economic which deepened economic imbalance.
Imbalance made government to agree with new economic reform preparation. Unlike theoretical wing which was led by O. Šik, government endeavoured only planning system improvement.
Space for such improvement opened after political fall of first Secretary of communist party and President A. Novotný in January 1968.