Bone metastases cause significant morbidity and mortality in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Until recently, treatment options have been limited to docetaxel, standard first-line chemotherapy.
New studies with cabazitaxel, abirateron, enzalutamid, sipuleucel-T and Ra-223 have shown improvement in survival in CRPC patients. Radium-223 dichloride is alpha-emitting radioisotope that targets areas of osteoblastic metastasis.