The most effective intervention to lower atherosclerosis progression: Treatment of tobacco dependence
Abstrakt
Aim: Smoking cessation is the most effective intervention to reduce cardiovascular mortality. The aim was to evaluate selected cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RF) among successfully treated smokers - 12 months abstinence.
Methods: Centre for Tobacco-Dependent in Prague, Czech Republic, (CTD) has high 12-months biochemically validated abstinence rates 39%. Following CV risk factors were assessed in successful patients of the CTD intensively treated from 2005 to 2015, N=2,061: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), according to the personal history, arterial hypertension (blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg), obesity (BMI over 30 kg/m2), dyslipidemia, history of any cardiovascular disease (CVD) were obtained from personal history or baseline biochemical values.
Results: Our sample included heavy dependent smokers: 54.2% men, average age of 46.1 years, SD 14, average Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence score 5.4 points, SD 2.3, average number of daily smoked cigarettes 23.3, SD 10. Among them, there were 61.5% (1,268/2,061) without any of followed atherosclerosis RFs, 4.9% with T2DM (100/2,061), 21.2% with arterial hypertension (436/2,061), 24.6% with dyslipidemia (506/2,061), 19% (392/2,061) with obesity, and 9.9% (205/2,061) with CVD.
Conclusions: Although majority had none of followed CV RFs, during 10 year period the CTD helped to quit smoking significant number of patient in increased CV risk. It is essential to provide treatment to all smokers, especially those in high CV risk as well as managing of other CV risk factors.
