Abstrakt
Lag times in invasion biology typically refer to either the delayed onset or relatively slow rate of an invasion (Crooks 2011). Many studies have found a period of slow initial population increase, followed by a phase of rapid range expansi on ( exponential phase), and a third phase oflittle or no area expansion (see Pyšek & Hulme 2005 for a review).
Lag phases of 40-200 years have been documented for herbaceous species (Pyšek & Prach 1993; Crooks 2011) and woody plants (Kowarik 1995). Factors that determine the length of the lag phase can be divided into three groups (Pyšek & Hulme 2005).