The conference contribution presents two novels with a heroine girl who draws on characteristical tendencies in Polish and Czech popular literature and youth literature in the 1960s: "The Fools and Pythagoras" by Hermína Frank (1966) and "The Paladins" by Halina Snopkiewicz (1964). Both novels present the environment of university students and deal with various contents and ideas that specify novel with a girl heroine as a particular genre in Czech and Polish prose in the 1960s.
We focus on the theme of the heroine's emancipation, which is one of expansive models of so called new wave of literature for children and youth in this period. As well, the lecture follow and analyze the ways of critical reflection of contemporary political and social conditions in both works on the levels of theirs plot, language and represented themes.