The aim of the publication is the deeper focus on issues of inclusive education and inclusive didactics, with an emphasis on the specifics of pupils with intellectual disability in the inclusive school environment. Within the text, we reflect to the numerous researches carried out in this field in the Czech Republic and abroad, furthermore to the findings of the CSI on the current state of implementation of inclusive education in our country and the objectives set out in the Action Plan for Inclusive Education for the period 2019-2020.