Abstrakt
The taxonomy of the Cyanus tuberosus group has been unsettled since its first members were described in the nineteenth century. In this paper, we provide a revision of the group based on analyses of its genetic (amplified fragment length polymorphisms; 240 individuals), morphological (48 morphological traits, 611 individuals), ecological (42 studied sites) and phenological (281 individuals) variability, supplemented with field observations and a study of relevant herbarium specimens.
We found that the studied group is extensively radiated and comprises nine almost allopatric genetic lineages which should be classified at the species or subspecies rank. The C. tuberosus group, as defined here, comprises eight Balkan endemic species, namely C. adamovicii (comb. nov.), C. austrobalcanicus (sp. nov.), C. nissanus, C. orbelicus, C. tuberosus, C. velenovskyi, C. vichrenensis (sp. nov.) and C. vorasanus (sp. nov.).
Within C. austrobalcanicus, two subspecies are recognised, namely C. austrobalcanicus subsp. austrobalcanicus (sp. nov. et subsp. nov.) and C. austrobalcanicus subsp. prisadanus (subsp. nov.). An identification key, distribution map and taxonomic treatments of the recognised taxa are provided.