Abstract
Successful treatment of type 1 diabetes (DM1) requires accurate insulin dosing and reliable blood glucose monitoring. Daily glucose monitoring (SMG), glucose monitoring (FGM) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can be used for daily monitoring.
The basis of continuous and immediate monitoring is glucose sensors. Although the name "Progressive and Immediate Glucose Monitoring" appears, the sensors are inserted into the subcutaneous tissue and they determine the glucose concentration in the interstitial uid, not in the blood.
CGM can inform the patient about glucose development automatically in approximately veminute intervals. In the case of FGM, the patient gets information only after placing the receiver in close proximity to the sensor.
The accuracy of both CGM and FGM has improved signicantly and over past few years, it has been comparable to the precision of the glucometers Increased sensor quality brings an increasing (or complete) independence of CGM and FGM to glucometers. CGM has already ceased to be an obstacle in constructing the so-called articial pancreas.
The major obstacle to the widespread use of CGM and FGM is the higher price so far. The following text provides an overview of knowledge about continuous and immediate monitoring of patients with DM1, which can be expected to be widely used in the near future.