Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) output was measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of rats breathing hypoxic, normoxic and hyperoxic gas mixtures at the end of exposure to 72 hrs hypoxia, and in ventilated premature infants. Experiments in rats showed that oxygen concentrations in the inspired gas affected H2O2 output in EBC.
The pilot clinical study (11 premature and 3 term newborn infants, five VLBW infants were sampled repeatedly) demonstrated significant decrease in H2O2 production during 48 hrs after birth. These first results suggest that non-invasive assessment of H2O2 production may provide useful information about immediate oxidative load in the lungs of premature infants on mechanical ventilation.