Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is an autoimmune disease that often co-occurs with other diseases based on autoimmunity. It is most frequently associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, vitiligo, Addison disease, atrophic gastritis and celiac disease.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is also an autoimmune disease but mutual association and co-occurence of DM1 and MS is not discussed too much. MS is actually often associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes that are, by contrast, protective in DM1.
Only recent studies have shown a manifold increase in MS risk particularly in patients with DM1. Even though this association is relatively rare, we can encounter it in clinical practice.
Both diseases have significant negative influence on the quality of life of these patients. Therefore, it is a very good news that currently there are high-quality treatment possibilities of DM1 based on technologies, and in the case of MS, early use of modern biologic treatment is optimal.
Using modern treatment approaches leads to a decrease in the risk of complications for both diseases, to a prolongation of survival time, to an easier return to everyday activities and to a significant increase in the quality of life for patients.