In this comparative study, we will deal with the J.-L. Joubert's concept of "Francophone Literature", which is expressed especially in Les voleurs de langue.
Traversée de la francophonie littéraire (2006). We specifically examine the problematic translation of several points (French language metamorphosed, double culture, opacity) in the novels of three "Francophone authors" by Nina Bouraoui, Le Garçon manqué (2000); by Milan Kundera (2005), L'Ignorance; Patrick Chamoiseau Texaco (1992), Écrire en pays dominé (1997), Veilles et merveilles créoles (2013).
We would like to analyze the image of the city (Alger, Prague, Fort-de-France), and more precisely, "towns-exile", "towns-defence" and "towns-memory".