Abstract
The fauna of Iranian Torymidae consists of 77 species (8.01% of the world species), of which four species are currently considered as endemic to Iran (Table 3). The species are classified in 19 genera, of which Torymus Dalman, with 19 species, is most diverse, followed by Pseudotorymus Masi (12 species) (Figure 11).
Species have been recorded from 27 provinces (Table 4), of which Kordestan, with 20 recorded species, has the highest diversity (Figure 12). However, the exact localities of five species, Glyphomerus carinatus Nikolskaya, Monodontomerus aeneus (Fonscolombe), Diomorus armatus (Boheman), Torymus cyaneus Walker, and Torymus flavipes (Walker) are unknown and further collections are necessary even to prove their presence in Iran.
Because most areas of Iran have yet to be sampled systematically, other species will certainly be discovered with more comprehensive faunistic surveys and we estimate 120-150 species of Torymidae will eventually be recorded in Iran. Host species have been determined for 29 species in Iran, with the galls of Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) wasps being the main hosts.
Comparison of the torymid fauna of Iran with adjacent countries (Table 5) indicates the fauna of Turkey (111 species) is more diverse than that of Iran (77 species), followed by Russia (69 species), Kazakhstan (33 species), Azerbaijan (15 species), Turkmenistan (nine species), Armenia (eight species), Pakistan (five species), Iraq (three species), Oman (one species); no species have been recorded from the other neighboring countries (Noyes, 2019). Furthermore, the former USSR also had a reported 40 species (Noyes, 2019).
Turkey shares 36 known torymid species with Iran, followed by Russia (26 species), Kazakhstan (12 species), Azerbaijan (10 species), Armenia (seven species), Turkmenistan (five species), Pakistan (four species), and Iraq and Oman (both with one species).