The review study reflects on the whole life research project of a historical sociologist Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein that had recently ended. It aims to critically introduce its main elements in terms of an establishment and as expansion of a capitalist system, Kondratieff waves, periferisation and an unequal exchange, culture turn.
The study is partly motivated by the fact that the scholar was under-reflected in the Czech academia, both sociology and historical science. However, it aims to bring an elaborated and empirically based criticism of the grounding argument for the whole theory, which is the assumption that there is a growing inequality between centre and periphery.