Whitman in José Martí and Jiří Karásek: American and European modernisms, and their mark on the interwar avant-gardes (Huidobro and Nezval)

Abstract

Whitman's influence on later literature, on both sides of the Atlantic, grew in the last decades of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The interwar period was es-pecially important, with a large number of translations, critical studies of his work, biographies and discernible influences in contemporary poets.

Whitman's main con-tribution was associated freedom, both on a thematic and formal level. Examples of his influence can be seen in the works of Martí, Karásek, Huidobro or Nezval.

Keywords

• Walt Whitman
• José Martí
• Jiří Karásek
• Vicente Huidobro
• Vítězslav Nezval
• Modernism
• Avant-garde
• Transatlantic Studies