Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous severe disease of the hemopoiesis. Therapy is still very difficult in both lowand high-risk groups of patients.
However, with the accumulation of our knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of this disease, and especially with the development of molecular genetic information, new and targeted forms of biological therapy are emerging. We provide a summary of the biological therapeutic options used in patients with MDS and new promising agents.